Planning, Scheduling and Control

readying, plan and ControlBusiness or moving in organizations involve conceptualization of murder of a special(prenominal) final cause knowing for finicky business outcomes. This particularity of business outcomes envisages putting up a salubrious coordinated system for realization of the same. Forming a conglomeration of peoples, activities compute schedules, methods, makees, totally ge ard towards achieving a specific business objective, wrench or assignment, it charms according to a plan to strain the objective deep down a particular cadence-frame, with the available or additional resources. This whole accomplish is spread outn over the generic name of put up, and coordinating all the activities within it to compass the desired objective to perfection within the era frame is cognise as count on vigilance (Heerkens 2001). Given the generic nature of the do as wellhead as the outcome it can be tell that every occupation requiring a particular run low to be realised within a particular magazine by using a particular amount of resources takes the shape of a envision. In that direction every activity, be that of edifice a township, a bridge, a sub agency put, petroleum refinery, steel reapingion, manufacturing facility erection or even conducting a development to seek rough particular information, data or go for near desired outcome, all can be termed as calculates. In that way witnesss be distinguishable from continuing act appendagees exchangeable manufacturing put to work, routine perplexity work or doing daily chores, which be continuing in nature, with the distinguishing instrument being a specific m for start and completion of a particular work. So, essentially, conviction is the core element of a cast. As a result the inseparable part of a learn is adoption of meet counselling systems and appendagees to come the labour within the particular time and personify (Levine 2002). For this it is impe rative that in that location should be fitting homework to execute a suggest within the allotted time, be and resources for which in that location should be strait-laced preparation for its instruction execution. befuddle planning and execution within the allotted time by by rights organizing it to maintain tonus of execution, avoid risks and adhere to the support schedule by veracious utilization of resources is detect to the success of a stand out (Hillson 2003).This study essentially pertains to discussing the key candidates of cast off planning and bear activities in suppose to successfully complete a labor movement by adhering to the timbre of execution of abides. Project focal point Project solicitude essentially is the sour of planning, organizing and managing the allotted resources given to a vagabond in set out to successfully complete the retchs objectives and program. As said, a project is one time work un alike(p) a continuing march, and has a particular pointedness of execution with a starting and ending time in put together to meet particular goals and objectives that is aimed at bringing about a particular outcome(Kerzner 2009). It means that the projects argon varied from usual business touch ones that have reiterate value and be of permanent nature requiring routine functional work that is envisaged to produce incompatible products and services. In actual practice, the two systems are preferably different, in that respectby requiring the development of specific practiced skills and adoption of separate focussing practices. Projects adhere top specific phases or stages of work processes. accord to Horine, project circumspection process includes conducting feasibility studies, defining the project scope and objectives, planning the model to realise those objectives, implementing the plan according to design and scope, evaluating the process of instruction execution to ensure that the project is being implemented according to guidelines and quality on with provision of befitting support and maintenance backup to protect against each hiccups in the slaying process (Horine 2009). solely these are inevitable because project management is a meticulously planned and organized effort to attain a specific and single objective like building a flyover, implementing a software system or building a caloric power plant. It is for this reason only that the project management process includes growth a project plan, which includes defining the project goals and objectives, identifying tasks and goals to be achieved, quantifying the resources needed, and determining cyphers and time period for completion and managing the implementation of the project plan, on with establishing agree procedures to train the proper implementation of the project according to the objectives relative to the plan and interject to restore the quality of implementation wherever required (Lewis 2006). All the se aspects draw the project planning and surmount process. Project Planning, Scheduling and Control PlanningAccording to Lewis, project planning and authorisation includes developing a similar management methodology to implement the objectives of a project that can be comfortably adapted to any project and be flexible abundant to be customized for such projects but for which on that point should be a specific system with checks and balances to proceed with the project according to the plans and objectives (Lewis 2005). This means that the project management function has a specific process and stages of implementation as is given belowProject Planning ContentsProject Planning reveal StagesSource F Harrison Advanced Project steering A social organisation Approach Gower Publishing 2004The project planning and control process because pertains to defining the scope and responsibilities accruing to a project, scheduling the time and resources, estimating the be and budget an d analyzing the risks associated with the project implementation process and planning to handle those risks. Suppose there is a project to construct a new administrative building for a certain organization. In this case the management of the organization lead define the scope of implementation of the building plan, estimating the time needed to complete the project and the resources in terms of hooeys, money and time needed for it. there would in any case be measures to analyze the risks that can come in the way of constructing the building in terms of escalation of costs, time, materials and inadvertent incidents that would hamper the e runny construction of the building. For this the manager of the project will have to make a blue print and accommodate all the factors while planning the implementation of the project. In such cases the planning process is properly delineated and put down for the benefit of all the members of the project team up as well as the client or the or ganization for whom the project is being implemented (Turner 1998). This process also becomes beneficial in taking steps to control the project according to the requirements and preventing it from going from its planned path that would necessitate intervention in terms of cost and materials by the project manager. In order to achieve all these objectives the project management process includes key elements to the project planning process i.e. the products, activities, resources, schedule, budget, risks and assumptions. because, the project planning process determines what are the products and sub-products that a project essential cede ad what quality aspects it must adhere to, what are the activities and the resources needed to carry out the project, what is the sequence and schedule that must be followed to complete the project, what is the budget needed for implementing the project, what are the risks associated with implementing the project and what are the assumptions that ar e part of the project(Burke 2003). The projects management planning process therefore incorporates all these aspects to rise the plan of implementation. Broadly speaking the project plan includes all the aspects that are needed to properly implement a project according to the specifications of the client. Accordingly the actual requirements of a project may vary but there is no dichotomy with regards to the planning process that needs to be utilize of such projects. For this the project implementation and planning process includes some of import principles, like breaking down the whole project into cohesive work packages, defining the desired results and encouraging the team members to work towards the plans to achieve the results (Williams et. al. 2008). All these aspects of the planning process follow certain basic objectives of the project plan that includes ensure that all the work and products need to achieve the project objectives include in the plan. For this the project pl anners include a framework to integrate the key planning and control functions i.e. scope, quality, cost, time and risk at different stages of the project management and implementation stage and specify the team and the responsibilities of the team members to deliver the requirements of the project (Kendrick 2004). In this whole planning process there includes factors such as scheduling the project to bring the desired outcome of the project. Scheduling and Control Scheduling of a project essentially signifies managing the implementation of the project, holding in view the time factor in primitive sense, and adjusting the men, material and activities into the whole process (Berkun 2005). This means that the project must follow a regimented routine according to daily weekly and monthly al-Qaida so that the project is in effect(p)ly implemented according to the controls of its requirements and opposite factors. It is also important that the different activities associated with a project planning and implementation process are well coordinated so as to avoid delays and chaos in the implementation of the project that would result is costs and time overruns. A typical project schedule divides the work associated with a project into different activities all coordinated to the overall whole. In this the works are divide into areas of activities and the tine taken as well as the mode of operation is decided whence with the most easy path and the overcritical yet effective path of each activity of the path is determined with assessment as to the time lapse that can happen in the event of the time and work pace not keeping up with the allotted time schedule.Source F Harrison Advanced Project guidance A structured Approach Gower Publishing 2004Accordingly the project implementation stage and control stage is shared into various activities and the time allotted is measured accordingly as is shown in the diagram above. In it the works are divided into criti cal and non-critical activities and the milestone is to be achieved with the overall work process on with the float time that can emerge due to unavoidable time delays. on with all these factors it is also likely that without proper scheduling of the project it may happen that it may drag along beyond the doable limit and therefore become unviable. So, the core part of effective implementation of a project is its proper scheduling so that un inevitable delays and cost overruns area avoided and there is harmonious coordination between all aspects of the work process of the project as well as the different stakeholders and service providers associated with it. Project Documentation As mentioned in the preceding scheduling of a project is done in order to achieve all the factors the project planning process breaks down the project into a particular schedule as per its desired outputs in order to facilitate the proper implementation and control as well as help in maintaining quality o f implementation of the project. Accordingly the project is divided into different sub-structures and process in order to in effect maintain quality of implementation such as primary outputs of a project a supplementary outputs of a project (Berkun 2008). on with it the project manager needs the proper bread and butter and processing of the activities in order to effectively track the implementation of the project as well as communicate with the team members and the management to articulate the progress of the project, give directions to the members to work according to an accredited framework and measure the progress of the project at different stages of implementation for which there should be proper supporting of the project planning, scheduling and control process.In the primary outputs the documentation process includes defining the product breakdown structures, product descriptions, work breakdown structures (WBS), work package descriptions (WPD), organization breakdown st ructure (OBS), responsibility assignment ground substance (RAM) and assumptions documentation. In the secondary outputs of a project planning, implementation and control process the documentation and processing those are needed pertain to creating a product flow diagram (PFD), work flow diagram (WFD), control accounts (CA) and dependence structure matrix (DSM) (Berbee 2009). All these aspects of the project process are properly documented in order to properly implement a project. For this the project manager establishes a proper structure and accessories for documentation as well as recruitment of relevant persons to manage such processes, which brings to the pitying resources aspect and the management structure of a project planning and implementation process. According to Leach, the most critical part of a project management process is the management part itself which means that if the management structure and the people manning it are not competent enough to effectively plan an d implement the project than all the other factors even if they are of highest degree of quality, will bombard to deliver the results (Leach 2004). It is for this that the project planning and implementation process gives utmost grandeur to the management structure and team as well as the human resources aspect of the overall project structure and process. Management Structure A typical product management structure incorporates the following management structure as mentioned below, with necessary customization as per the requirements of the individual projectsSource Self intentionalThe typical project management team therefore consists of a project head who takes part in the conceptualization planning and overall control of the project followed by a project manager who actually oversees the implementation of the project with a team that consists of technical head, operation head quality control head resource head who do the actual work of implementing the project and directly sup ervise the work through a team consisting of managers workers, technicians, suppliers and stakeholders along with support staff(Rothman 2009). In the case of a building project the management would consist of a project head having wide hear in managing building projects, same is the case with the project manager who must have ample experience in managing projects associated with the construction industry. The different heads of the project should also have adequate experience in their area of activity and desirable experience in actual projects involving the construction industry. In this move it may be convenient to argue as what would happen if some people with habitual project management experience are taken into projects involving construction if buildings. In normal sense it would not make that more than of a difference. But in actual stage of implementation and the critical factors associated with it the hand on experience of a person comes in handy. Along with it there i s the factor of scheduling for efficient management of time and resources. In such a situation it if great advantage if personnel with hands on experience in specific projects are included in the project planning implementation and evaluation process rather than having general project management experience (Wong 2007). Nonetheless the underlying spirit for proper implementation of a project is management of time and quality. Nowadays there are various technologies, tools and methods to manage project planning, implementation, quality control and delivery. Techniques and Technologies The hold day project management exercise is a highly technical function involving a number of complex tools and processes as well as advanced software systems to effectively implement, schedule, track and maintain the quality aspects of a project. It is immaterial whether the project is a brick and mortar concept or an schoolman concept, what is important is that there have emerged methods that can eff ectively coordinate all the activities and effectively establish communication channels between all the stakeholders of a project in order to maintain the time, quality and overall objectives of a project.At the outset there are basic operational tools like PERT and CPM which effectively schedule the project into different activities and measure the time, cost and materials required for complementary the project (Kendrick 2009). Along with these basic tools there are some methods that quantify the time required for completing the project along with the costs required. Some allied disciplines and tools are also used like the financial forecasts, statistical measurement of lead and lag time for completing a project as well as the application of quality tools like six sigma to ascertain that the project is going according to the accepted quality standards. But the most profound effect of technology on the project management discipline has been the development of various software for pr oper management of the overall project planning, scheduling, implementation, quality control, budgeting and assumption processes. One of such tolls is the Project Management suite developed by Microsoft that is known as MS Projects, which is a complete software package to manage the absolute project management process. In it there are various functions and techniques to effectively plan, schedule monitor and implement various projects by adhering to all the functions and disciplines required for implementing a project (Microsoft Inc 2009). Besides MS Projects there are other software applications designed to manage projects that are developed by different software companies for specific projects by different companies. Along with all these developments there have been instances where companies have developed their own software and techniques by applying a host of discrete software processes to create their own project management tools that cater to all its aspects including budgeti ng and quality control. In essence all these softwares have made the project management with overall planning, scheduling, quality control budgeting and monitoring, a smooth and hassle fee process by which the managers can confide to achieve expected outcomes without leaving anything to chance. This goes a long way in achieving efficiency in project planning scheduling and control process as well as its proper implementation.ConclusionProject management is a complex and complicated process requiring coordination of a host of disciplines along with men, money material that are to be coordinate within a proper time frame to achieve all the objectives of a project without compromising on the quality aspect of it. In that way it becomes necessary to design proper planning, scheduling and quality control mechanisms to give proper implementation to it. In this it becomes necessary to take the help of different tools techniques, documentation processes and technologies so that the project gets implemented successfully and according to its objectives.-x- Reference Gary Heerkens Project Management McGraw Hill Professional 2001 250 pages H Levine Practical Project Management Tips, Tools and Tactics John Wiley Sons 2002 D Hillson Effective Opportunity Management for Projects wave Dekker 2003 Harold Kerzner Project Management A Systems Approach to Planning, Scheduling, and ControllingWiley 2009 1120 pages Greg Horine Absolute Beginners tend to Project Management Que publications 2009 432 pages James P. Lewis Fundamentals of Project Management AMACOM 2006 clx pages James Lewis Project, Planning, Scheduling and Control McGraw-Hill 2005 550 pages F Harrison Advanced Project Management A Structured Approach Gower Publishing 2004 R. Turner The Handbook of Project Based Management McGraw Hill 1998) R Burke Project Management Planning and control Techniques John Wiley Sons 2003 Mary Williams, William Meri The Principles of Project Management locate Point 2008 224 pages Tom Kendrick Project Management Toolkit AMACOM 2004 256 pages Scott Berkun The Art of Project Management OReilly Media 2005 374 pages Scott Berkun Making Thngs Happen Mastering Project Management OReilly Media 2008 392 pages Davis Berbee 97 Things every Project Manager Should Know OReilly Media 2009 250 pages L Leach Critical ambit Project Management Artech House 2004 Johanna Rothman Manage Your Project Portfolio Pragmatic Bookshelf 2009 250 pages Zachary Wong kind Factors in Project Management Jossey-Bass 2007 368 pages Tom Kendrick Identifying and Managing project Risk AMACOM 2009 368 pages Microsoft Inc., MS Projects 07 2009 cited in http//office.microsoft.com/en-us/project/default.aspx